On Money and Output in the Euro Area: Is Money Redundant?

Money, Credit, and Euro-Dollars

“ Money ” is the Reserves not the Money ∗

In this paper I will argue that the institutional implementations that we commonly include in our monetary aggregates are actually more similar to the concept of monetary base. I will also argue that the institutional implementation of accounts payable operates as money. This slightly translated definition implies that a new monetary aggregate that includes accounts payable may be useful for co...

On the Stability of Euro Area Money Demand and its Implications for Monetary Policy

We revisit the usefulness of long-run money demand equations for the European Central Bank. We first conduct a model evaluation exercise by means of a recent time–varying cointegration test. A stable relation for euro area M3 is not rejected by data only when accounting for both a speculative motive, represented by international financial markets, and a precautionary motive, proxied by changes ...

On the Sources of Euro Area Money Demand Stability A Time-Varying Cointegration Analysis

We adopt a time-varying cointegration test to discriminate among different empirical studies claiming to find a stable Euro Area money demand equation. A time-invariant relation explaining real balances is rejected by data, even when accounting for housing, financial and labour markets. Conversely, an international portfolio allocation approach provides stabilization. In particular, internation...

On the Source of Euro Area Money Demand Stability . A Time - Varying Cointegration Analysis

We adopt a time-varying cointegration test to discriminate among different empirical studies claiming to find a stable Euro Area money demand equation. A time-invariant relation explaining real balances is rejected by data, even when accounting for housing, financial and labour markets. Conversely, an international portfolio allocation approach provides stabilization. In particular, internation...